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Duration of Protection of Copyright


Duration of Protection
Duration of Protection

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The Copyright Act provides the duration of copyright protection for various categories of works in sections 22-29.


Literary, Dramatic, Musical, or Artistic Works


For works published during the author's lifetime, copyright endures until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year following the author's death. In the case of joint authorship, the sixty-year period begins after the last author's death (section 22).



Anonymous or Pseudonymous Works


For anonymous or pseudonymous works, copyright lasts until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year following the first publication. If the author's identity is revealed within this period, copyright extends until sixty years from the author's death.



In joint authorship with anonymity, the sixty-year period begins after the disclosure of an author's identity. If multiple authors are disclosed, copyright extends after the last author's death (section 23).

 
 

Posthumous Works


For literary, dramatic, or musical works unpublished at the author's death, copyright lasts until sixty years from the first publication. If an adaptation is published earlier, the sixty-year period starts from that year. Public performance or sale constitutes publication (section 24).



Cinematographic Film


Copyright endures until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year following the film's publication (section 26). Parties cannot restrict this duration through contracts.




Sound Recording


Copyright lasts until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year following the recording's publication (section 27).



Government Works


Copyright lasts until sixty years from the beginning of the calendar year following the work's first publication if the government owns the copyright (section 28).



Works of Public Undertaking


For works owned by public undertakings, copyright endures for sixty years from the first publication (section 28(A)).



Works of International Organizations


Copyright lasts until sixty years from the calendar year following the work's first publication (section 29).



Broadcast Reproduction Rights


These rights last for twenty-five years from the beginning of the calendar year following the broadcast. However, copyright in scripts and music continues until their respective terms expire (section 37(2)).

 
 


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